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IndicativeA2
Present perfect (pretérito perfecto)
Past action with present relevance, or an experience up to now.
Usage
Past action with present relevance, or an experience up to now.
Rules
51Formation: haber + participle
haber in the present (he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han) plus the past participle.
- He hablado con María. — I have spoken with María.he + participle
- Hemos comido en casa. — We have eaten at home.
2A compound tense
It has no own endings; only haber is conjugated, the participle stays the same.
- Has vivido aquí. — You have lived here.
- Han vivido aquí. — They have lived here.participle unchanged
3Recent past
For something recent that still matters now, often with hoy, esta semana, ya.
- Hoy he tenido un buen día. — Today I have had a good day.signal word: hoy
- Ya he hecho la tarea. — I have already done the task.ya = already
4Life experiences
For experiences up to now, often with alguna vez, nunca, todavía no.
- ¿Alguna vez has estado en España? — Have you ever been to Spain?alguna vez = ever
- Todavía no he visto la película. — I haven't seen the film yet.visto = irregular
5Irregular participles
Some participles are irregular: hecho, dicho, visto, escrito, vuelto, puesto, roto, abierto.
- He hecho un pastel. — I have made a cake.hacer -> hecho
- Ha dicho la verdad. — He has told the truth.decir -> dicho
Examples
- Habéis sido muy amables. — You have been very kind.
- Esta mañana he ido al médico. — This morning I have gone to the doctor.
- No hemos podido dormir. — We have not been able to sleep.
- ¿Has querido decir eso? — Have you meant to say that?
Conjugate
Test
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