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Non-finiteA2
Past participle (participio)
The past participle forms compound tenses with haber and works as an adjective.
Usage
The past participle forms compound tenses with haber and works as an adjective.
Rules
51Regular formation
-ar becomes -ado, while -er and -ir become -ido.
- hablado, comido, vivido — spoken, eaten, livedone stem, three endings
- tenido, podido, dormido — had, been able, slept
2Key irregular forms
Some participles must be memorized because they break the regular rule.
- hecho, dicho, visto — done, said, seenhacer, decir, ver
- escrito, vuelto, puesto — written, returned, putescribir, volver, poner
- roto, abierto — broken, openedromper, abrir
3Compound tenses with haber
After haber the participle always stays unchanged, ending in -o.
- He comido en casa. — I have eaten at home.
- Ella ha dicho la verdad. — She has told the truth.haber + participle
4As an adjective it agrees
Used as an adjective, the participle agrees in gender and number.
- una puerta abierta — an open doorfeminine, singular
- los platos rotos — the broken platesmasculine, plural
- las cartas escritas — the written letters
5Not a six-person form
The participle has no personal forms like a normal conjugated verb.
- hecho, puesto, vuelto — done, put, returnedone base form
Examples
- Han visto la película juntos. — They have seen the film together.
- La ventana está abierta. — The window is open.
- Hemos vivido aquí muchos años. — We have lived here for many years.
- He puesto los libros en la mesa. — I have put the books on the table.
Conjugate
Test
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